Privacy should simply be the default of the internet. But the way the internet operates today, the consequences of surveillance threaten all of us, from stolen funds and identities to profiling and human rights violations.
Nym protects even against the most powerful, passive adversaries that can observe every packet going in and out of your internet connection. With Nym, you can use the internet without fear of being watched.
Nym 混合网络为防止网络层元数据的泄露和收割提供了强有力的保证。它是一个通用的隐私覆盖网络,具备不可知性,可以接驳几乎其他任何数字应用程序或服务,使个人和数字服务提供商能够保证自己或用户的隐私。
混合网络将互联网流量混入去中心化网络,从而改善现有的隐私系统。首先,所有数据包都由用户在自己的设备上转换为 Sphinx 数据包。Sphinx 格式使所有数据包大小一致。然后,混合网络中的节点将流量“混合”,并且按概率释放数据包以确保时序混淆。如果需要,还可以在每个节点添加覆盖流量并且多次跳转,确保用户不必信任单个节点。
在混合网络通过保护网络层建立强大基础的同时,Nym 凭据则可以在应用程序层实现细粒度的隐私。数字服务提供商和用户可以通过 Nym 凭据在不破坏隐私的情况下安全参与。
Nym 凭据改进了 Coconut 签名方案,让用户能够在证明自己拥有联网和开展活动权限的同时保留隐私。Nym 凭据加密并嵌入(包括私有数据的零知识证明在内的)特定服务所需的数据。这些凭据的验证方式是去中心化的、公开的,不会泄露用户与其想要访问服务之间的任何链接。
Nym 是可持续的,因为它激励去中心化和维护网络服务质量的行为。在比特币的启发下,Nym 建立了突破性的工作量证明系统,节点获得奖励的原因是混合流量,而不是解决任意的 Merkle 难题。Nym 节点运营方获得奖励的依据是混合量证明,确保所有人的隐私。Nym 仅使用能满足需求的电力完成数据包的混合,尽量减少不必要的环保成本。
Nym 运用区块链实现混合网络的去中心化运营,网络不会出现中心故障点:Nym 混合网络是全球化的隐私公地,由世界各地的节点运营。 去中心化网络的主要障碍之一,是如何聚集现实世界的资源来运行节点。Tor 和 I2P 的志愿者模型有效但有局限性。由于寻找值得信赖的可靠志愿者在后勤上十分复杂,想触及全世界是很困难的:志愿者往往集中在富裕的西方国家,大多数 Tor 中继点都在德国和美国等地。 我们相信经济激励可以解决这个问题,让全世界都拥有互联网隐私。
The most broadly used network-level privacy solutions are VPNs (virtual private networks). Although VPNs provide the ability to hide the precise IP address of a user, they are a centralized solution. This means that VPN providers can fully observe all network traffic between their users and the public internet, knowing exactly what services its users are accessing at any given time! Furthermore, VPNs offer no protection against powerful network adversaries.
Tor tries to solve this surveillance problem by routing a ‘circuit’ through three relays, which provides better privacy than single-node VPNs. Tor encrypts traffic multiple times, so that only the final Tor node can see the destination. However, Tor’s anonymity properties can be defeated by an entity like an intelligence agency that is capable of monitoring the entire Tor network’s ‘entry’ and ‘exit’ nodes. This is because Tor does not add timing obfuscation or cover traffic to obscure the traffic patterns in circuits, which can be used to correlate flows and deanonymize users. However, Tor’s design is expected to continue to be “best of breed” for web-browsing and other stream-based traffic.
Nym can provide more powerful network-level privacy for cryptocurrency transactions, e-mail, instant messaging, and any other message-based traffic. Unlike Tor, Nym’s mixnet design guarantees network anonymity and resistance to surveillance, even in the face of adversaries capable of monitoring the entire network, by adding cover traffic and timing obfuscation. The Nym mixnet is decentralized, rather than operated by a trusted provider like a VPN, as it uses blockchain technology and economic incentives to decentralize the network. Nym node operators are incentivized to run nodes and provide good quality of service and uptime. Software updates are governed through community adoption as decisions are made by the node operators and token holders.
显而易见,互联网隐私从未如此弱小,但它的重要性并没有降低-变革的时机已经成熟。我们经验丰富,敬业奉献的团队很高兴能迈出第一步。
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